DOS (Disk Operating System) is a Single user and single tasking operating System, which developed in early 1980s. It is a CUI (Character User Interface) based operating system. it uses commands for each and every task to complete.
DOS is software that controls the hardware of our computer and also runs our programs. It tells the computer what to do when we type different commands.
How do DOS work?
The commands we enter through the keyboard or the mouse are translated by DOS into signals that the computer understands, than the CPU does the processing and returns the results on the monitor.
How we open DOS?
1. Through The Mouse:-
Start Menu → RUN → CMD (Write) → OK.
2. Through The Keyboard:-
Window Key→ Up Key (3 times) → Run → CMD (Write) → Enter.
3. Alt+Enter (Key):- To Maximize the DOS Screen / To Minimize the DOS Screen.
Drive:-
We can divide hard disk into different parts, every part is known as Drive. Like C:\ D:\ E:\.
Directories:-
We are again dividing Drive into small-small parts known as Directories or Folder.
File:-
File is a collection of information. We write any information or data into the File.
Commands:-
In DOS, a command entered at the prompt could be an instruction to run a program, or a request for DOS to do something.
A DOS command can be defined as a special program which helps in the smooth operation of a computer system.
There are 2 types of commands in DOS:-
I. Internal Commands,
II. External Commands.
Internal Commands:-
These commands do not require any special files for executed and are brought into the computer’s memory as soon as the computer is switched on.
Ex: – Copy, Dir, Del, CD, MD, Cls etc.
External Commands:-
These commands require certain special DOS files to get executed.
Ex: – Tree, Print, Format, Attrib etc
